Timber derived from Timberian which mean to build.The wood used for building or other engineering purpose is called timber.
It is a first construction material used by a man since pre-historic ages.
Timer is a natural material. Trees provide shelter from sun and the rain.
Trees conserves soil moisture. It precipitate rainfall & lower temperature .A single Tree can cool the summer heat better than 20 Air conditioners.
It prevents depletion of the ozone layer of the atmosphere. It prevents soil erosion.
Trees produces oxygen and purifies the air.
Timber :
Timber obtained from trunk of a tree. There are many varieties of timber available all over the world.
Advantages :
Timber is strong than any other material. Timber can be easily worked to any size & shape. It can be jointed to required form.
Timber can used for furniture & decoration fittings. Structural connections can be easily made in timber. Timer are light in weight, quite durable.
Its resale value is good. Its non conductors of heat & sound.
Classifications of Timber :
1)Exogenous Trees
2)Endogenous Trees
Exogenous Tress :
Trees which grow outwards and increase in bulk by the formation of successive annual rings are known as exogenous trees.
Timber which is used for building engineering works,Is Mostly obtained from exogenous trees. Examples : Deodar, Kail, Sal, Teak, Shishum, Chir etc .
Exogenous trees are further divided into following two types:-
1)Conifers or Evergreen Trees
2)Deciduous or Broad – Leaf Trees
Conifers or Evergreen Trees : Soft Wood
Trees which remain evergreen & bear fruits.These trees usually yield soft wood & show distinct annual rings. They are light in color & weight.
They can easily split & are resinous. They are comparatively weak in strength. Example :Pine, Deodar, kail, Chir,walnut etc
Deciduous or Broad Leaf Trees : Hard Wood
Trees which shed their leaves in the autumn &put on new leaves in the spring season are known as deciduous or broad leaf trees.
These trees usually yield hard wood & dark in color, Hard, close grained and strong.They are useful for important engineering works. Example :Sal, Teak, Shishum, Babul, Ash, Mahogany etc.
Endogenous Trees :
Endogenous trees which grow end wards in a longitudinal fibrous mass are known as endogenous trees.
These trees are too flexible & aren’t suitable for engineering works.Example : Canes, Bamboos , palms etc
Comparison Between Hard Wood & Soft Wood
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